[PDF]    http://dx.doi.org/10.3952/lithjphys.50116

Open access article / Atviros prieigos straipsnis

Lith. J. Phys. 50, 151–160 (2010)


LIETDOS-BIO ASSESSMENT APPROACH TO THE ENVIRONMENT NON-HUMAN BIOTA EXPOSURE BY IONIZING RADIATION
T. Nedveckaitėa, V. Filistovica, D. Marčiulionienėb, N. Prokoptchuka, A. Gudelisa, R. Plukienėa, V. Remeikisa, and J. Vives i Batllec
aInstitute of Physics, Savanorių 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania
E-mail: tatjana@cablenet.lt
bInstitute of Botany of Nature Research Centre, Žaliųjų ežerų 49, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania
cWestlake Scientific Consulting Ltd, The Princess Royal Building, Westlakes Science and Technology Park, Moor Row, Cumbria CA24 3LN, United Kingdom

Received 14 January 2010; revised 24 February 2010; accepted 19 March 2010

legal commitments for the environment protection. The LIETDOS-BIO assessment approach to Environment protection from ionizing radiation is being developed to address contamination issues associated with nuclear power production and radioactive waste disposal in Lithuania. The LIETDOS-BIO was designed to be consistent with MCNPX code and Crystal Ball software for uncertainty analysis. The modelling of radionuclide migration through the components of a hypothetical waste disposal system (hypothetical Stabatiškės waste disposal contaminated zone, unsaturated zone, aquifer, and recharge to Lake Drūkšiai) has been performed using the computer code RESRAD-OFFSITE and a number of site-specific parameters together with distributions. Submerged hydrophytes were selected as biota exposure indicators because they represent the largest biomass in Lake Drūkšiai and have comparatively high radionuclide activity concentrations. The presented data demonstrate that submerged hydrophyte exposure is determined mainly by natural background radionuclides with predominance of 226Ra ionizing radiation in the case of external exposure and internally incorporated α\alpha -emitters. 238U is the major contributor in the case of internal exposure. The LIETDOS-BIO code for non-human biota dose rate calculations was assessed during IAEA EMRAS BWG scientific program performance, and modelled-to-measured activity concentration predictions were found to be acceptable with the absolute value of Z-score between 0 and 2 derived from the Z-score intercomparison. The preliminary data presented here make it possible to investigate the relevance of Lake Drūkšiai as a cooling pond for the progression of nuclear energetics in Lithuania. A final decision on acceptability of this option awaits further review.
Keywords: environmental radiation protection, non-human biota, LIETDOS-BIO approach
PACS: 28.52.Nh, 28.41.Kw, 87.55.N-


LIETDOS-BIO METODAS BIOTOS APŠVITAI JONIZUOJANČIĄJA SPINDULIUOTE VERTINTI
T. Nedveckaitėa, V. Filistovica, D. Marčiulionienėb, N. Prokopčiuka, A. Gudelisa, R. Plukienėa, V. Remeikisa, J. Vives i Batllec
aFizikos institutas, Vilnius, Lietuva
bGamtos tyrimų centro Botanikos institutas, Vilnius, Lietuva
cWestlake Scientific Consulting Ltd., Jungtinė Karalystė

Iki pastarojo laikotarpio daug dėmesio buvo skirta žmogaus radiacinei saugai. Šiuo metu dėl branduolinės energetikos ciklo įmonių plėtros ir Europos Sąjungos, ir kitos nacionalinės bei tarptautinės organizacijos vis daugiau dėmesio skiria skirtingų ekosistemų (sausumos, gėlavandenės ir jūrinės) faunos ir floros (dažniausiai vadinamų biota) radiacinės saugos vertinimui. Vykdant Tarptautinės atominės energetikos agentūros mokslinius projektus, įteisintas LIETDOS-BIO modelis ir kompiuterinė programa, kartu su tam tikslui sudaryta paprograme, kuri suderinta su MCNPX ir Crystall Ball programomis, leidžia įvertinti biotos apšvitą branduolinės energijos gamybos įrenginių ir radioaktyviųjų atliekų saugyklų bei kapinynų aplinkoje, taikant matematinės statistikos metodus neapibrėžtims įvertinti.
Taikant vietines sąlygas atitinkančius parametrų dydžius, įvertinta Ignalinos AE aušinimo baseino Drūkšių ežero biotos apšvita, atsižvelgiant į galimą RESRAD-OFFSITE programa įvertintą radionuklidų sklaidą ir patekimo į ežerągalimybę iš 1,5 km nutolusio numatomo labai mažo aktyvumo (A klasės) radioaktyviųjų atliekų kapinyno. Gautieji preliminarūs duomenys rodo, kad biotos apšvita dėl gamtinės kilmės radionuklidų jonizuojančiosios spinduliuotės poveikio šiuo atveju yra žymiai didesnė, lyginant su dirbtinės kilmės radionuklidų sąlygota apšvita, bei neviršija šiuo metu Europos Sąjungoje rekomenduojamos didžiausios galimos 10 μGy/h dozės galios. Atliktas pradinis nagrinėjimas rodo kompleksinių tyrimų būtinumą siekiant nustatyti, ar Drūkšių ežeras yra naudotinas tolimesnei branduolinės energetikos plėtrai Lietuvoje.


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