Lithuanian Journal of Physics article / Lietuvos fizikos žurnalo straipsnis

EFFECT OF VERTEBRAL DEGENERATION ON THE INSTABILITY OF SPINE
Olga Chabarova^a, Rimantas Kačianauskas^a, and Vidmantas Alekna^b
^aDepartment of Applied Mechanics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Saulėtekio 11, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
^bFaculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio 21/27, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
Email: olga.chabarova@vgtu.lt

Received 11 December 2019; revised 1 February 2020; accepted 5 February 2020

Insufficient exploration of the dependence between diseases of degenerative bones and the range of motion (ROM) during torsion, flexion and lateral bending limits further understanding about the lumbar biomechanics and treating of the lumbar related dysfunction. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of vertebral degradation on the instability of spine 2 motion L2–L4 segments during torsion, flexion and lateral bending by the finite element method (FEM). Three different 3D FE models comprising the healthy state and the degradation of trabecular bone and cortical bone were developed. Nonlinear numerical analyses of lumbar spine stability discovered that osteoporotic degradation can lead to critical segmental ROM and intervertebral shearing values, which results in the loss of spine stability for the case of flexion loading. Instability is caused by microscopic changes in the thickness of cortical shell. This analysis of the intervertebral shearing and ROM may be further used to diagnose such translation abnormalities like hypomobility or hypermobility.

Keywords: osteoporosis, lumbar, FEM, instability
PACS: 87.10.Kn, 87.15.A, 87.19.rm, 87.19.xr, 46.70.-p

SLANKSTELIŲ DEGENERACIJOS ĮTAKA STUBURO NESTABILUMUI
Olga Chabarova^a, Rimantas Kačianauskas^a, Vidmantas Alekna^b

^aVilniaus Gedimino technikos universiteto Taikomosios mechanikos katedra, Vilnius, Lietuva
^bVilniaus universiteto Medicinos fakultetas, Vilnius, Lietuva

Degeneracinių kaulų ligų ir judesio amplitudės (ROM) priklausomybės veikiant sukimo, lenkimo ir šoninio lenkimo apkrovoms tyrimų trūkumas neleidžia pakankamai tiksliai suprasti stuburo juosmens biomechanikos ir taikyti efektyvesnių juosmens disfunkcijos gydymo metodų. Šio tyrimo tikslas – baigtinių elementų metodu (BEM) nustatyti slankstelių degradacijos įtaką stuburo dviejų judamųjų segmentų L2–L4 nestabilumui veikiant sukimo, lenkimo ir šoninio lenkimo apkrovoms. Buvo sukurti trys skirtingi 3D BE modeliai, apimantys sveiką slankstelį, trabekulinio kaulo ir kortikalinio kaulo degradaciją. Atlikta stuburo juosmens dalies netiesinė skaitmeninė stabilumo analizė parodė, kad osteoporotinė degradacija, veikiant lenkimo apkrovai, gali lemti kritines segmentinio ROM ir tarpslankstelinės šlyties vertes ir dėl to gali būti prarastas stuburo stabilumas. Nestabilumą lemia mikroskopiniai kortikalinio kevalo storio pokyčiai. Ši tarpslankstelinės šlyties ir ROM analizė gali būti naudojama diagnozuojant slankstelių mobilumo, tokio kaip hipomobilumas ar hipermobilumas, anomalijas.

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